Oil burner



Feb. 22,1927. ,39 7 C. M. STROUD v on BURNER Filed Dec. 19. 1924 2Sheets-Sheet 1 lrronA/srs c. M. STROUD on. autumn Filed Dec. 19. 1924 2Sheets-Shoot 2 Over! ow fins f'wenloz 'C/IARLEJMJTFOUO lrromve'vs'Patented Feb. 22, 1927.

UNITED STATES gr PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES M. s'rnonn, or MrNNnAroms, 1 vrrNNis'sdTA, nssre'rNon oroNE-HA'LF TO LELIE H. FAW'KES, or MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

OIL, BURNER.

Application filed December 19, 1924. Serial No. 756,908.

This invention relates to improvements in oil burners particularlyadapted for use in connection with steam or hot water boilers or hot airfurnaces of the coal-burning type, such as are commonly employedfor-heating various types of buildings, and, by the use of which such afurnace may readily and quick- ;ly be converted into a liquid fuelburning furnace with-a minimum amount of labor.

The particular object of this invention is toprovide an oil burner whichis an improvement on the form of burner featured in my prior pendingapplication, filed September 4, 1924, Serial No. 785,867.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner comprisinga retort into which the liquid fuel oil or distillate is delivered insubstantially a raw state, and wherein it is partially vaporized, afterwhich the thus partially vaporized fuel passes through a series ofvaporizing tubes wherein it will be thoroughly and completely vapor izedbefore being discharged into the path of theinrushing air currents foradmixture therewith, thereby providing a highly combustible mixturewhich may readily be ig- 'erably provided with a central boss 13 innited for subsequent combustion.

A further object is to provide an oil burner having a simple meanswhereby it may readily and conveniently be leveled upon installation,should the foundation upon which it is mounted be uneven.

A further object is to provide an oil burner comprising the utmost insimplicity and ei'iiciency and one which will be positive and fool-proofin performance when operated in conjunction with the usual well-knowncontrol apparatus.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the followingdescription and the accompanying drawings and will be pointed out inthe. annexed claims.

In the drawings. there has been disclosed a structure designed to carryout the various objects of the invention, but it is to be understoodthat the invention is not confined to the exact features shown, asvarious. changes may bemade within the scope of the claims which follow.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the improved oil. burner;

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a similar view on the line 33 of Figure 1.

The novel oil burner featured in this invention comprises a metallicbase4, preferably circular in form, having a cover 5 mounted thereon. Ashallow pan- '6 is centrally mounted in the base 4' and is preferablysupported therein by means of integral arms 7 as particularly shown inFigure 2. By this arrangement. of. the .pan 6 within the base, it willbe noted that openings 8 will be provided between the radial arms 7, andthrough these openings air is'supplied to the burner as willsubsequently be described.

.Acentral opening 9 is provided in the cover 5 and this opening isencircled by a depending flange 11 formed on the cover. The lower edgeof the flange 11 preferably extends slightly below the upper edge of theflange 12 of the pan 6 so that when theair passes upwardly through theopenings 8, it must follow a tortuous path, as indicated by the arrowsin Figure. 1.

The shallow pan 6 of the base 4 is pref- Which the lower end of anupwardly extending pipe section 14 is secured. A nipple 15 opening 9. ofthe cover 5, is loosely mounted on the pipe section 14 and is supportedupon the boss 13 as: shown.

Thus, an annular opening will be provided bet-ween the upturned outerflange of the priming pan and the depending flange 11 of the cover 5.

Thefmeans provided for vaporizing the fuel in this novel burnerpreferably consists in the provision of a retort 19 mounted on the upperend of the pipe section 14. A cover 21 is mountedon the retort toprovide a closure for the top thereof. A series of vaporizing tubes'22are secured to the bottom of the retort 19 and extend downwardlytherefrom substantially inparallel relation to=the pipe section 14, to apoint near 7 the. top of the cover 5. A skirt-like member or hood 23' ismounted on the retort l9 and is preferably supported by means of apcboss and will be equally distributed to the vaporizing tubes An aircirculating tube or pipe 520 is preferably provided to establishcomnuinication between the retort l3) and the interior of the burnerbase a as shown in Figure 1. This pipe has its upper end suitablysecured to the cover 21 of the retort and its lower end to the cover 5of the burner base. lly means of this pipe heated air will be suppliedto the retort which functions to prevent carbonization of the fuel oiltherein and to lteep the retort clean.

A means is also provided whereby the burner, when installed, may readilyand conveniently be leveled should the founda tion upon which it ismounted be uneven. Such means preferably consists in mount ing the basest in an intta'niediate member :26 which is adjustably mounted in theupper portion of an airtrunh 27 through which air is supplied to theburner. 'lhc leveling member :26 is preferably provided with an inwardlyprojecting head 28 which forms a seat for the base at when mountedtherein. The lower portion of the member 26 is preferably reduced indiameter so as to provide the reduced portion it!) which is adapted tobe seated within an opening 31 provided in the upper portion of theair-trunk 27. The wall of the reduced portion 25) is preferablyfrusto-conical in shape so that when seated in the opening 51 it will bewedged against the upper edge thereof as shown in Figure 1, therebyproviding substantially an air tight connection and also allowing theburner proper, and the lifting member to be tilted with reference to theair-trunk 27. As a result of the wall of the reduced end portion 29being inclined, as shown, it will maintain its adjusted position byfrictional contact with the wall of the opening 31, thereby providing avery simple and inexpensive means for adjusting or leveling the oilburner upon installation. This is an in'iportant feature as in manyinstallations, it is necessary to provide special foundations to supportthe burner in order that it may be substantially level when installed.

The air-trunk 27 is preferably mounted upon a base plate 32 of asuitable material such as cast iron. An overflow pipe 33 also preferablyconnected to the pan 6 and outwardly leads therefrom through thevertical wall of the leveling member 26, as shown in Figure 1n theoperation of this novel oil burner, liquid fuel is supplied to the feedpipe 16 from a suitable source, not shown, and flows upwardly throughthe nipple 15, pipe section l-l and into the retort chamber 19 mountedat the upper end thereof. As the oil enters the retort chamber ll) itwill overilow the top of the boss at and will be distributcd to thevaporizing tubes :22 throu h which it will flow downwardly into tiepriming pan 18. It may then be ignited by any suitable means such as apilot light, after which the pipe .l-land also the vaporizing tubes willbecome heated from the burning oil in the priming pan 18. As soon as thepipe let and the tubes become suiticicntly heated to cause the oil tovaporize, it will be mixed with the inrushing air entering through theannular opening between the outer edge of the priming pan l8 and thedepending flange 11, thereby providing a highly combustible mixturewhich will immcdiately be ignited. As soon as the burner has been wellstarted, the retort chai'nbec it), and also the vaporizing tubes 2:2will become heated to a very high degree of temperature, thereby causingthe fuel oil to be thoroughly vaporized before it is dischar ed from thelower ends of the vaporizing tu es into the path of the iurushing air.The hood 23 .lfunctions to provide a heating chamber for the vaporizingtubes 22 and the lower edge thereof also functions to deflect themixture of vaporized fuel and air outwardly it against the walls of thefurnace.

Air is preferably supplied to the burner through the trunk 27 which maybe connected to a suitable source of supply, or if desired, a small fanmay be interposed in the outer end of the trunk to provide the desiredvolume of air therethrough. By means of the upturned outer flange 12 ofthe shallow pan ti and also as a result of the depending flange ll ofthe cover 5, the air will follow a tortuous path as indicated by thearrows. Through the annular opening around the priming pan 18, the airwill be upwardly directed towards the hoodQS thereby becoming heated andthoroughly mixed with the vaporized fuel after which it is blownoutwardly through the gap between the lower edge of the hood 23 and thecover 5 against the walls of the furnace. In case of ignition failure instarting the burner, the liquid fuel will be discharged into theprin'iing pan 18 and will overflow the edge thereof and be dischargedinto the relatively larger pan (3, positioned therebencath. From thispan, the overflow oil will flow through the pipe 33 to an automaticshut-oil means whereby the supply of fuel to the feed pipe 16 willautomatically be cut oil. The mechanism provided for thus automaticallycutting off the fuel supply in case of ignition failure is standardandwell known to those familiar with the art, and therefore need not beshown in the drawings.

I claim as my invention:

1. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base having a priming pan and anair intake opening in the plane of and circumscribing the pan, a retortsupported above said base and having a liquid fuel feed pipe, and fluesdepending from said retort to a point near said base and over said panand adapted to deliver the vaporized fuel directly thereupon to minglewith the air from said circumscribing intake opening, and means fordefleeting the burner flame outwardly from said base.

2. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base having a priming pan and anair intake opening circumscribing the pan, a retort supported above saidbase and having a liquid fuel feed, a flue for the vaporized fueldepending from said retort overhanging the pan to deliver the vapor tomingle with the air from said intake and a hood encircling said flue andcooperating with said base to form a mixing chamber and adapted todeflect the flame outwardly from said base.

3. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base, having a priming pan and anair intake opening surrounding the pan, a liquid fuel feed pipeprojecting upwardly from said base, a retort mounted on said feed pipeand having a depending flue overhanging the pan, a hood encircling saidflue for deflects ing the burner flame outwardly, said feed pipebecoming heated by the flame of said priming pan for the initialvaporization of the fuel and said flue discharging the vaporized fuel ata point adjacent said air intake opening to mingle with the air therefrom.

t. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base having a central priming panand an air intake openingbordering and surrounding the pan at the levelthereof, a retort supported above said base and having a liquid fuelfeed, a flue depending from said retort and adapted to deliver the vaporat a point over the pan to mingle with the air from said intake opening,and means for delivering air to said retort to mingle with the fueltherein.

5. A liquid fuel burner comprising a base having a central priming pan,and an air intake opening bordering and surrounding the pan, a retortsupported above said base and having a liquid fuel feed pipe leadingthereto, a flue depending from said retort and adapted to deliver thevapor to mingle with the air from said intake opening,a hood enclosingthe flue, overhanging and extending beyond the air intake opening fordeflecting the burner flame outwardly on said base to a point beyondsaid air intake, and means for delivering air to said retort, said meanscomprising a pipe communicating with the intake opening of said base andleading therefrom to the upper portion of said retort.

6. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base, having a priming pan and anair intake opening, a liquid fuel feed pipe projecting upwardly fromsaid base, a retort mounted on said feed pipe, a series of finesdepending from said retort around said feed pipe and terminating nearsaid priming pan and said intake opening, a hood supported by saidretort and encircling said fiues and feed pipe, and depending to a pointnear said base and above and on the outer side of said air intakeopening and cooperating therewith to form a mixing chamber.

7. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base, having a centrally arrangedpriming pan and tortuous air intake openings grouped around said burner,a liquid fuel feed pipe projecting upwardly through said base and pan, aretort supported on said feed pipe, lines dependim from said retort to apoint near said pan and intake opening, said feed pipe becoming heatedupon the ignition of the fuel in said priming pan for the initialvaporization of the fuel, and a flaring hood depending around said fluesand cooperating with said base to form a mixing chamber and deflectorfor the burner flame.

8. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base, having a central priming panand air intake opening bordering and surrounding the pan, a liquid fuelfeed pipe mounted on said base, a retort supported by said feed pipe,flues depending from said retort to deliver the vapor therefrom adjacentto and inwardly from said intake opening and upon the pan.

9. A liquid fuel burner comprising a base having openings for receivingair through its bottom, a central priming pan above the base, a feedpipe extending upwardly through base and pan and aremovable cover forsaid base having a central opening therein circnmscribing and spacedfrom the pan forming therewith an annular air intake opening, said coverforming with the base an.

air channel communicating with said annular intake opening, a retortupon said feed pipe and fines depending from sald retort overlying andspaced upwardly from said 10. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a basehaving a priming pan thereon and air intake openings around said'pan, aliquid fuel feed pipe projectin upwardly through said pan and extendingto a point a considerable distance above said base, a retort mounted onsaid feed pipe and whereto the liquid fuel is delivered, a series offlues depending from the lower portion of said retort and grouped aroundsaid feed pipe and adjacent thereto, and having their lower ends nearsaid pan and said air intake openings, and a deflecting hood carried bysaid retort and flaring downwardly therefrom and encircling said finesand feed pipe and cooperating with said base to form :1 mixing chamberand deflector for directing the flames outwardly from said base.

11. A. liquid fuel burner comprising a base having a central priming panand on air intake opening bordering and surrounding the pan, :1 fuelfeed pipe, a retort upon 10 the pipe above the pan and fines dependingfrom the retort for deih ering vapor or surplus oii upon the priming panadjacent said air intake openin In witness whereof, I have hereunto set15 my hand this 13th day of 1)(?C6ll'lb0l, .1924.

GIDYIiILICS hi. r "lhi U l).

